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Asthma

Peak flow monitoring

Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is a measurement of your ability to push air out of your lungs. You can use a simple device, called a peak flow meter, to monitor your own "lung power."

An important asthma management tool

By keeping a regular record of your peak flow results, you can help your doctor make important decisions about your medication and other elements of your treatment plan. Peak flow monitoring is important because it:

  • Helps you decide when to seek emergency treatment
  • Allows you to detect the early stages of bronchoconstriction, so you can take steps to remedy the problem
  • Gives you an accurate picture of how your condition changes over a 24 hour period; this enables you to determine when medication should be taken
  • Helps you see the difference between bronchoconstriction and other causes of breathing difficulty, such as hyperventilation
  • Allows you to identify the allergens and other irritants and triggers that cause your asthma symptoms
  • Helps you communicate more effectively with your doctor so he or she can provide proper guidance
  • Shows whether your asthma symptoms have stabilized, improved or worsened

There are several different kinds of peak flow meters, but all have the same basic parts: a mouthpiece, a main tube, and a scale with measurements marked on it.

Using a peak flow meter

Even young children can learn how to use a peak flow meter. Follow these easy steps:

  1. Place the indicator at the base of the numbered scale.
  2. Sit up straight, or stand up.
  3. Take a deep breath.
  4. Close your lips around the mouthpiece (but keep your tongue clear of the opening).
  5. Blow out as hard and as fast as you can.
  6. Write down the number that shows on the scale.
  7. Repeat these steps two more times.
  8. Write down the highest of the three numbers in your peak flow diary.
  9. Clean the peak flow meter after each use to keep it working accurately.

Every person will have a different "ideal" peak flow number. Your personal ideal number is the highest number that you can reach during a two-week period when you're well and are not experiencing any asthma symptoms. Here's how to find yours:

  • Take peak flow readings when you wake up and before you go to sleep.
  • Take additional readings before and after you take your inhaled medication.
  • Keep track of the results so you can discuss them with your doctor.

The three-zone system

Peak flow numbers are divided into zones that help you decide what action to take. Each zone is based on your ideal peak flow number.

Red zone: Below 50% of your ideal number. This signals a medical alert. Immediately take your short-acting bronchodilator, and then contact your doctor.

Yellow zone: 50% to 80% of your ideal number. This signals caution. You may be experiencing asthma symptoms that require an increase or change in medication. Follow your asthma management plan or call your doctor to find out how to get your asthma back under control.

Green zone: 80% to 100% of your ideal number. This signals all-clear. Continue to take your medications as prescribed.

NOTE: Peak flows can vary widely from individual to individual and can also vary among different peak flow meters. If you have questions regarding your peak flow, consult your doctor.

Keeping track of your results

A daily peak flow diary or tracking sheet is an important part of your total asthma management plan, because the information it provides helps you and your doctor. Once you have determined your personal ideal reading and the "zones" that apply, you'll have a valuable tool for staying in control of your health.

Download a free peak flow tracking sheet  [File: 22 KB]

Source: "Peak flow monitoring," © 2000, 2001 The GlaxoSmithKline Group of Companies.

Other resources available:

Peak flow meters are available free to Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Oklahoma and BlueLincs HMO members.For information about how to obtain a free peak flow meter or for more information about the asthma health promotion program, e-mail us or call toll-free 1-866-670-6681.